images\cherry_red.png1 Linux运维学习笔记
      images\cherry_blue.png1.1 基本操作命令
         images\cherry_orange.png1.1.1 权限管理
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.1.1 chmod
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.1.2 chown
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.1.3 setfacl
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.1.4 chattr
         images\cherry_orange.png1.1.2 用户管理
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.2.1 useradd(添加用户)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.2.2 passwd(修改用户密码)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.2.3 userdel(删除用户角色)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.2.4 usermod(修改用户信息)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.2.5 groupadd(添加工作组)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.2.6 groupdel(删除工作组)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.1.3 文件管理
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.1 cat
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.2 mv
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.3 scp,rsync文件传输
               images\cherry_orange_dark.png1.1.3.3.1 scp
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.4 rz
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.5 awk
               images\cherry_orange_dark.png1.1.3.5.1 案例
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.6 cp复制
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.7 more
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.8 less
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.9 mkdir
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.10 diff
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.11 head
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.12 tail
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.13 sed
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.14 sort
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.15 uniq (去重语句)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.16 grep
               images\cherry_orange_dark.png1.1.3.16.1 grep(2)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.17 xargs
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.18 tr
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.19 cut
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.20 od
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.21 dos2unix
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.22 cpio
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.23 tee
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.24 column
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.3.25 swapon
         images\cherry_orange.png1.1.4 软件包管理
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.4.1 yarn
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.4.2 zip
         images\cherry_orange.png1.1.5 备份策略
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.5.1 tar
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.1.5.2 cp
      images\cherry_blue.png1.2 系统工作常用命令
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.1 ab(压力测试)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.2.1.1 ab常见问题
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.2 nohup
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.2.2.1 bg fg
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.3 crontab
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.4 find
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.2.4.1 find
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.5 tcpdump
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.6 ifconfig
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.7 netstat(网络通信情况)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.8 ps (查看系统进程)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.9 top (系统运维状态)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.10 alias
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.11 pidof
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.12 kill与killall与pkill
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.13 uptime(系统负载信息)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.14 free(系统内存情况)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.15 last(登陆日志)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.16 fdisk(磁盘分区)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.17 strace
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.18 lsmod
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.19 ssh
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.2.19.1 sshpass
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.20 ftp (sftp)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.21 du
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.22 umask(文件权限)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.23 df (磁盘占用情况)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.24 curl
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.25 date
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.26 lsof
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.27 chrony
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.28 cpu运行状态
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.29 lshw
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.30 vim
         images\cherry_orange.png1.2.31 lsb_release -a (系统版本信息)
      images\cherry_blue.png1.3 网络基础
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.1 ifconfig
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.2 route
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.3 nslookup
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.4 ping网关
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.5 ISO/OSI七层模型
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.6 TCP/IP三次握手(四次挥手)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.3.6.1 三次握手
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.3.6.2 四次挥手
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.7 IP地址网段(可用IP地址)(广播地址)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.8 网络连接数
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.9 mtr
         images\cherry_orange.png1.3.10 ip
      images\cherry_blue.png1.4 系统管理类
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.1 进程与线程
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.4.1.1 pstree
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.2 系统安全
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.4.2.1 记录一次远程挖矿病毒
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.4.2.2 漏洞修补
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.3 nfs远程挂载
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.4.3.1 nfs自动挂载
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.4 查询系统用户登录情况
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.5 权限优化
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.6 备份策略
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.7 Raid(磁盘阵列)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.8 资源查看(监控)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.4.8.1 dstat(网络监控)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.9 启动流程
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.10 系统优化
         images\cherry_orange.png1.4.11 cpu
      images\cherry_blue.png1.5 Shell编程
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.1 数组类型
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.2 if 条件判断
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.3 for
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.4 文本截取
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.5 随机字符串
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.6 网站检测
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.5.6.1 nmap
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.7 Debug
         images\cherry_orange.png1.5.8 declare
      images\cherry_blue.png1.6 网络服务类
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.1 网关
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.2 SSH服务
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.3 DHCP + FTP
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.4 DNS服务
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.4.1 智能DNS
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.5 Apache配置
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.5.1 Apache 三种工作模式
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.6 Apache优化
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.6.1 CDN
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.7 Nginx配置
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.7.1 nginx开启SSL证书
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.7.2 Session一致性解决方案
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.7.3 异步非阻塞方式
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.7.4 Nginx反向代理配置出现问题
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.7.5 nginx 负载均衡算法
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.7.6 nginx status
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.8 Nginx优化
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.8.1 Nginx请求PHP(Tomcat)过程
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.8.2 gzip压缩
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.8.3 缓存优化
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.6.8.4 反向代理
         images\cherry_orange.png1.6.9 http状态码
      images\cherry_blue.png1.7 数据库管理类
         images\cherry_orange.png1.7.1 集群部署(Amoeba)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.7.2 索引
         images\cherry_orange.png1.7.3 误操作Drop语句如何解决?
         images\cherry_orange.png1.7.4 Redis(缓存数据库)
            images\cherry_cyan.png1.7.4.1 Redis_
      images\cherry_blue.png1.8 Good Luck
      images\cherry_blue.png1.9 Linux(实际工作可能常用命令)
      images\cherry_blue.png1.10 LeetCode(Bash)
         images\cherry_orange.png1.10.1 统计词频
         images\cherry_orange.png1.10.2 有效电话号码
   images\cherry_red.png2 三剑客
      images\cherry_blue.png2.1 正则表达式
         images\cherry_orange.png2.1.1 扩展正则表达式
      images\cherry_blue.png2.2 grep(...过滤)
      images\cherry_blue.png2.3 sed(...替换)
         images\cherry_orange.png2.3.1 sed删除,增加
         images\cherry_orange.png2.3.2 sed 替换
      images\cherry_blue.png2.4 awk(...取列统计)
         images\cherry_orange.png2.4.1 awk模式匹配
         images\cherry_orange.png2.4.2 awk数组
30.3)crontab配置文件
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/crontabSHELL=/bin/bash
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
MAILTO=root

# For details see man 4 crontabs

# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# | .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# | | | | |
# * * * * * user-name command to be executed

备注:
1) * 表示任意的(分、时、日、月、周)时间都执行
2) - 表示一个时间范围段, 如5-7点
3) , 表示分隔时段, 如6,0,4表示周六、日、四
4) /1 表示每隔n单位时间, 如*/10 每10分钟

@reboot          重启时运行一次
@yearly          每年运行一次,相当于: "0 0 1 1 *".
@annually       跟@yearly意思一样
@monthly       每月运行一次, 相当于: "0 0 1 * *".
@weekly         每周运行一次,相当于 "0 0 * * 0".
@daily            每天运行一次, 相当于"0 0 * * *".
@midnight      跟@daily的意思一样)
@hourly          每小时运行一次, 相当于"0 * * * *".


注意事项!

使用date +%Y%m%d 形式,方便根据时间生成相应文件名称
但在crontab中使用时,会出现错误,需要对%进行转义


设置定时执行脚本任务 需要注意的事项
脚本文件中 需要添加
通过source命令引入环境变量:source /etc/profile
否则某些文件将无法正常的运行

#!/bin/bash

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
. /etc/profile
. ~/.bash_profile
source /etc/profile
netstat -nlpt | grep -w "3000" & >>/dev/null

if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
cd /gaogaotwo/study.zmide.com-0b867a1d26dd3b9d44a59630d3f38bac688a639d && nohup yarn start >/dev/null 2>&1 &
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo '启动成功!'
fi
fi


30.4)crontab的时间编写规范
00 02 * * * ls         #每天的凌晨2点整执行
00 02 1 * * ls         #每月的1日的凌晨2点整执行
00 02 14 2 * ls       #每年的2月14日凌晨2点执行
00 02 * * 7 ls         #每周天的凌晨2点整执行
00 02 * 6 5 ls         #每年的6月周五凌晨2点执行
00 02 14 * 7 ls         #每月14日或每周日的凌晨2点都执行
00 02 14 2 7 ls         #每年的2月14日或每年2月的周天的凌晨2点执行  
*/10 02 * * * ls       #每天凌晨2点,每隔10分钟执行一次
* * * * * ls           #每分钟都执行
00 00 14 2 * ls       #每年2月14日的凌晨执行命令
*/5 * * * * ls         #每隔5分钟执行一次
00 02 * 1,5,8 * ls     #每年的1月5月8月凌晨2点执行
00 02 1-8 * * ls       #每月1号到8号凌晨2点执行
0 21 * * * ls           #每天晚上21:00执行
45 4 1,10,22 * * ls     #每月的1,10,22号的4:45执行
45 4 1-10 * * ls       #每月的1到10号的4:45执行
3,15 8-11 */2 * * ls   #每隔两天的上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行
0 23-7/1 * * * ls       #晚上11点到早上7点之间,每隔一个小时执行
15 21 * * 1-5 ls       #周一到周五每天晚上21:15执行 

30.5)crontab命令选项
-e #编辑定时任务
-l #查看定时任务
-r #删除定时任务
-u #指定其他用户


测试定时脚本
images\132-1.png


images\132-2.png